The most advanced or innovative stage of development; leading-edge.最先進的;前沿的
Example:The family was informed by health authorities that a cutting-edge immunotherapy... would be introduced in South Australia.
Becoming progressively worse; declining in quality or condition.惡化的;變差的
Example:...emphasizing the child's deteriorating condition.
The ability to produce a desired or intended result; effectiveness.功效;效力
Example:...a cutting-edge immunotherapy, which has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials...
To use up completely; to have no remaining options or resources.耗盡;用盡(所有選項或資源)
Example:The child, suffering from a rare cancer, has exhausted all conventional treatment options within Australia.
To make (an action or process) happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly.加快;促進(進程)
Example:The family has urged the government to expedite the approval process, emphasizing the child's deteriorating condition.
Main clause: 'A family ... has initiated a crowdfunding campaign'. Subject 'A family' modified by prepositional phrase 'in Adelaide' and a non-restrictive relative clause 'whose identity is withheld for privacy'. Object 'campaign' modified by infinitive phrase 'to finance ... abroad'. Then a participial phrase 'following unfulfilled assurances ...' which contains a noun clause 'that the therapy would become available locally' as complement of 'assurances'. Complex with multiple embeddings.主要子句為「A family ... has initiated a crowdfunding campaign」。主語「A family」由介詞短語「in Adelaide」及非限制性關係從句「whose identity is withheld for privacy」修飾。賓語「campaign」由不定式短語「to finance ... abroad」修飾。其後為分詞短語「following unfulfilled assurances ...」,其中包含名詞從句「that the therapy would become available locally」作為「assurances」的補語。結構複雜,含多層嵌入。
Main clause: 'The family was informed by health authorities'. Then a noun clause 'that a cutting-edge immunotherapy ... would be introduced ...' as direct object of 'informed'. Within that noun clause, the subject 'immunotherapy' is modified by a non-restrictive relative clause 'which has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials'. Passive voice and complex noun clause.主要子句為「The family was informed by health authorities」,其後為名詞從句「that a cutting-edge immunotherapy ... would be introduced ...」作為「informed」的直接賓語。在該名詞從句中,主語「immunotherapy」由非限制性關係從句「which has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials」修飾。使用了被動語態及複雜名詞從句。
Compound sentence with two main clauses joined by 'but'. First clause: 'Health authorities acknowledged the urgency'. Second clause: 'stated that ...' where 'stated' has a noun clause object 'that patient safety protocols necessitate time for regulatory review and implementation'. The noun clause has a subject 'protocols', verb 'necessitate', object 'time', and prepositional phrase 'for regulatory review and implementation'. Coordination and noun clause.並列句,由「but」連接兩個主要子句。第一個子句:「Health authorities acknowledged the urgency」。第二個子句:「stated that ...」,其中「stated」帶有名詞從句賓語「that patient safety protocols necessitate time for regulatory review and implementation」。該名詞從句包含主語「protocols」,動詞「necessitate」,賓語「time」,以及介詞短語「for regulatory review and implementation」。使用了並列結構和名詞從句。
Main clause: 'The family expressed determination'. 'Determination' modified by infinitive phrase 'to pursue the therapy overseas'. Then a conditional clause 'if local access remains unavailable'. This is a real conditional (first conditional) with present tense in if-clause.主要子句為「The family expressed determination」。「Determination」由不定式短語「to pursue the therapy overseas」修飾。其後為條件從句「if local access remains unavailable」。此為真實條件句(第一類條件句),if從句使用現在時。
Main clause: 'The family continues to seek funds to bridge the remaining shortfall'. Then a subordinate clause introduced by 'while' (adverbial clause of time/contrast): 'health authorities maintain that ...'. Within that clause, 'maintain' takes a noun clause 'that efforts ... are ongoing but subject to ...'. The noun clause has a compound predicate: 'are ongoing but subject to necessary procedural timelines'. Complex with coordination within noun clause.主要子句為「The family continues to seek funds to bridge the remaining shortfall」。其後為由「while」引導的狀語從句(時間/對比):「health authorities maintain that ...」。在該從句中,「maintain」帶有名詞從句「that efforts ... are ongoing but subject to ...」。該名詞從句包含並列謂語:「are ongoing but subject to necessary procedural timelines」。結構複雜,含從句內並列。