Cold Weather in the USA

Apr 25, 2026, 10:24
A2

Cold Weather in the USA

Introduction

Cold air and snow are coming to the north and east of the United States in early May.

Main Body

Some states in the west have snow and strong winds. It is hard for people to drive cars. The weather is very cold. This cold air can break water pipes and kill plants. Cold air from Canada will move south in early May. This air will go to the middle and east of the USA. These places were very warm before. The cold air may hurt young plants on farms. The weather service is watching these areas closely.

Conclusion

Cold weather makes travel dangerous in the west. It will also bring cold air to the east in early May.

Vocabulary Learning

dangerous (adj.)
not safe / likely to cause harm危險的
Example:It is dangerous to drive fast in the snow.
hurt (v.)
damage / to cause pain or damage傷害；損害
Example:The cold weather can hurt the young plants.
pipe (n.)
tube / a long tube for water or gas水管；管子
Example:Water is coming out of the broken pipe.
state (n.)
A part of a country州；國家的一部分
Example:California is a large state in the USA.
strong (adj.)
powerful / having a lot of power強勁的；強大的
Example:The strong wind blew the tree down.

Sentence Learning

Cold air and snow are coming to the north and east of the United States in early May.
Time Marker: Shows when the event happens時間標記：顯示事件發生的時間
Some states in the west have snow and strong winds.
Prepositional Phrase: Describes the location介詞短語：描述地點
Cold air from Canada will move south in early May.
Time Marker: Indicates future time時間標記：表示未來時間
This air will go to the middle and east of the USA.
Basic Connector: Joins two directions基礎連接詞：連接兩個方向
Cold weather makes travel dangerous in the west.
Prepositional Phrase: Provides geographic context介詞短語：提供地理背景
B2

Late-Season Cold Weather Affecting Northern and Eastern United States

Introduction

A series of weather systems are bringing freezing temperatures and snow to the Northern Rockies. These systems are also expected to bring below-average temperatures to the central and eastern United States in early May.

Main Body

In the Northern Rockies, the National Weather Service (NWS) has issued winter storm warnings and advisories. In north-central Montana, officials expect one to three inches of snow and wind gusts up to 35 mph. Meanwhile, parts of Wyoming could see between six and ten inches of snow from Saturday evening through Monday. Experts emphasized that these conditions will likely reduce visibility and make travel difficult for drivers and outdoor workers. Additionally, freeze warnings have been issued for Idaho, Utah, Montana, Washington, and Oregon, where temperatures may drop into the teens and low twenties. The NWS warned that these freezing temperatures could last for several nights, which poses a risk to outdoor plumbing and sensitive plants. Regarding the eastern United States, the Climate Prediction Center claimed that a Canadian weather system will move south during the first few days of May. This follows a period of unusually warm weather on the East Coast. The Mississippi Valley, the Appalachians, the Ohio Valley, and the Great Lakes are at the highest risk for cold temperatures between April 30 and May 5. The NWS further asserted that this cold pattern might damage early-blooming crops, although specific local warnings have not yet been finalized.

Conclusion

Current weather patterns have created dangerous travel conditions and agricultural risks in the West, while a cold air mass is expected to affect the central and eastern U.S. through early May.

Vocabulary Learning

advisory (n.)
official announcement / a notice that gives information or a warning公告；警告
Example:The government issued a travel advisory due to the approaching hurricane.
assert (v.)
state / to say that something is certainly true斷言；肯定地說
Example:The scientist continued to assert that his theory was correct despite the criticism.
emphasize (v.)
highlight / to give special importance to something強調；著重
Example:The teacher wanted to emphasize the importance of submitting the assignment on time.
sensitive (adj.)
delicate / easily damaged or affected敏感的；易受影響的
Example:Some plants are very sensitive to cold weather and must be kept indoors during winter.
visibility (n.)
clarity / the distance one can see as determined by light and weather能見度
Example:Heavy fog significantly reduced visibility on the highway this morning.

Sentence Learning

These systems are also expected to bring below-average temperatures to the central and eastern United States in early May.
Passive Voice: Used to report expectations or predictions objectively without focusing on who is doing the expecting.被動語態：用於客觀地報告預測或預期，而不需要強調誰在進行預測。
Additionally, freeze warnings have been issued for Idaho, Utah, Montana, Washington, and Oregon, where temperatures may drop into the teens and low twenties.
Relative Clause (where): Used to provide additional geographical information about the locations mentioned.關係子句 (where)：用於提供上述地點的額外地理資訊。
The NWS warned that these freezing temperatures could last for several nights, which poses a risk to outdoor plumbing and sensitive plants.
Relative Clause (which): Used to describe the consequence or result of the entire previous clause.關係子句 (which)：用於描述前一個完整子句所導致的結果或影響。
The NWS further asserted that this cold pattern might damage early-blooming crops, although specific local warnings have not yet been finalized.
Linking Word (although): Used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying fact to the main statement.連接詞 (although)：用於引入與主句相對或起限定作用的事實。
Current weather patterns have created dangerous travel conditions and agricultural risks in the West, while a cold air mass is expected to affect the central and eastern U.S. through early May.
Linking Word (while): Used to show a contrast or simultaneous occurrence between two different regions.連接詞 (while)：用於顯示兩個不同地區之間對比或同時發生的情況。
C2

Late-Season Cold Weather Systems Affecting Northern and Eastern United States

Introduction

A series of meteorological systems are introducing sub-freezing temperatures and snowfall across the Northern Rockies and are projected to bring below-average temperatures to the central and eastern United States in early May.

Main Body

In the Northern Rockies, the National Weather Service (NWS) has implemented winter storm warnings and weather advisories. In north-central Montana, specifically within southern Blaine County and the Bears Paw Mountains, snowfall of one to three inches is anticipated, accompanied by wind gusts reaching 35 mph. Concurrently, the Sierra Madre and Snowy ranges of Wyoming are expected to receive between six and ten inches of snow from Saturday evening through early Monday. These conditions are projected to reduce visibility and complicate transit for motorists and outdoor personnel. Beyond precipitation, freeze warnings have been issued across Idaho, Utah, Montana, Washington, and Oregon. Temperatures in certain sectors are forecast to descend into the teens and low twenties. The NWS indicates that these conditions pose a risk to unprotected outdoor plumbing and sensitive vegetation, with the potential for multiple nights of freezing temperatures extending into the following week. Regarding the eastern United States, the Climate Prediction Center anticipates a Canadian system will migrate south during the first few days of May. This development follows a period of record or near-record early-season warmth on the East Coast. The regions identified as having the highest risk for significantly below-average temperatures include the Mississippi Valley, the Appalachians, the Ohio Valley, and the Great Lakes. It is projected that these temperatures will persist from April 30 until approximately May 5. From an analytical perspective, the NWS suggests that the anticipated cold pattern in the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region may result in damage to early-blooming crops. While the general trajectory of the system is identified, specific localized warnings and watches for the eastern regions have not yet been finalized due to the timeframe of the prediction.

Conclusion

Current weather patterns have resulted in hazardous travel and agricultural risks in the West, while a projected cold air mass is expected to impact the central and eastern U.S. through early May.

Vocabulary Learning

concurrently (adv.)
simultaneously / at the same time同時地
Example:The two events were held concurrently in different parts of the city to accommodate the large crowd.
meteorological (adj.)
atmospheric / relating to the branch of science concerned with the processes and phenomena of the atmosphere氣象的
Example:The meteorological department issued a severe weather warning for the coastal regions.
persist (v.)
continue / to continue to exist or endure, especially in a way that is difficult to stop持續
Example:The heavy rain is expected to persist throughout the night, potentially causing localized flooding.
precipitation (n.)
rainfall / any form of water, such as rain, snow, or hail, that falls to the earth's surface降水
Example:The forecast predicts heavy precipitation in the form of snow for the mountain ranges this weekend.
trajectory (n.)
path / the path followed by a moving object or the development of a situation over time軌跡；路徑
Example:The current trajectory of the storm suggests it will hit the eastern seaboard by early Tuesday morning.

Sentence Learning

A series of meteorological systems are introducing sub-freezing temperatures and snowfall across the Northern Rockies and are projected to bring below-average temperatures to the central and eastern United States in early May.
Compound Predicate with Passive Construction: The sentence employs a compound predicate where the first part is active and the second is a passive projection, creating a complex temporal flow.複合謂語與被動結構：句子採用複合謂語，前半部分為主動語態，後半部分為被動預測，營造出複雜的時間流動感。
In north-central Montana, specifically within southern Blaine County and the Bears Paw Mountains, snowfall of one to three inches is anticipated, accompanied by wind gusts reaching 35 mph.
Reduced Relative Clause/Participle Phrase: The phrase 'accompanied by' acts as a reduced relative clause (which is accompanied by), providing supplementary circumstantial information.縮減關係子句/分詞短語：'accompanied by' 作為縮減關係子句，提供補充性的環境資訊。
The NWS indicates that these conditions pose a risk to unprotected outdoor plumbing and sensitive vegetation, with the potential for multiple nights of freezing temperatures extending into the following week.
Absolute Construction with Prepositional Phrase: The 'with' phrase functions as an absolute construction, adding a layer of nuanced consequence to the main clause.隨附結構/獨立主格結構：'with' 短語充當隨附結構，為主句增加了細膩的後果描述。
The regions identified as having the highest risk for significantly below-average temperatures include the Mississippi Valley, the Appalachians, the Ohio Valley, and the Great Lakes.
Reduced Passive Relative Clause: 'identified as' is a reduced relative clause (which have been identified as), functioning as a post-modifier for the subject.縮減被動關係子句：'identified as' 為縮減關係子句，作為主語的後置修飾語。
While the general trajectory of the system is identified, specific localized warnings and watches for the eastern regions have not yet been finalized due to the timeframe of the prediction.
Concessive Clause with Passive Voice: The sentence uses a 'While' concessive clause to contrast a known general state with an unknown specific state, utilizing formal passive voice.讓步子句與被動語態：句子使用 'While' 導引的讓步子句，將已知的總體狀態與未知的具體狀態進行對比，並採用正式的被動語態。