40 Years After the Chernobyl Accident

A2

40 Years After the Chernobyl Accident

Introduction

Ukraine remembered the Chernobyl accident on April 26, 2026. This happened during a war with Russia. The war makes the nuclear sites dangerous.

Main Body

In 1986, a power plant exploded. It sent bad air and dust over many countries. Many people left their homes. Many workers cleaned the site, but some became very sick. Now, the site has new problems. In 2025, a Russian drone hit a big metal cover. This cover protects the site. It costs a lot of money to fix. Russia says they did not do it. Russia also controls another big plant called Zaporizhzhia. This plant lost power many times. This is very dangerous. Now, most of Ukraine's electricity comes from nuclear plants.

Conclusion

The 40th anniversary shows two problems. First, the old accident from 1986. Second, the new dangers from the war today.

Vocabulary Learning

cover
lid / something that protects
Example:A big metal cover protects the site.
dangerous
risky / full of danger危險的
Example:The war makes the nuclear sites dangerous.
home
house / a place where you live
Example:She left her home when the dust fell.
money
cash / money used for buying things
Example:It costs a lot of money to fix the cover.
plant
factory / a place where things are made工廠
Example:A power plant exploded in 1986.

Sentence Learning

Ukraine remembered the Chernobyl accident on April 26, 2026.
Time: The word 'on' indicates a specific date.時間: 'on' 表示特定日期。
Many workers cleaned the site, but some became very sick.
Connector: The word 'but' shows contrast.連接詞: 'but' 表示對比。
It sent bad air and dust over many countries.
Prepositional: The phrase 'over many countries' shows where the air went.介詞短語: 'over many countries' 表示空氣流向的地方。
Now, most of Ukraine's electricity comes from nuclear plants.
Time: The word 'Now' shows the present moment.時間: 'Now' 表示現在。
In 2025, a Russian drone hit a big metal cover.
Time: The phrase 'In 2025' indicates when the event happened.時間: 'In 2025' 表示事件發生的時間。
B2

Ukraine Marks 40th Anniversary of Chernobyl Disaster Amid Ongoing War

Introduction

On April 26, 2026, Ukraine marked the 40th anniversary of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster. These commemorations took place during a long military conflict with Russia, which has created new safety risks for the closed Chernobyl site and other active nuclear power plants.

Main Body

The 1986 disaster was caused by a failed safety test at Reactor 4, which led to an explosion and the spread of radioactive materials across Ukraine, Belarus, and Europe. Records show that about 50,000 people were permanently moved from the city of Pripyat. Experts still disagree on the total number of deaths; a 2005 UN report estimated 4,000 deaths, while a 2022 Ukrainian study suggested 41,000, and Greenpeace claimed the number could be near 100,000. Additionally, around 600,000 'liquidators' worked to clean up the site, and many suffered long-term health problems. In recent years, the Chernobyl site has become unstable again. After a brief Russian occupation in 2022, the area has faced drone attacks. Ukrainian officials claimed that a Russian drone strike in February 2025 damaged the New Safe Confinement, a protective shell built in 2019. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) emphasized that this damage weakened a key safety feature of the structure. While the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development estimates repairs will cost 500 million euros, Russia has denied the attack and asserted that the event was staged by Ukraine. Other nuclear facilities have also been affected by the war. The Zaporizhzhia plant, the largest in Europe, has been under Russian control since March 2022. Analysts from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) criticized the fact that the plant lost power 14 times, calling it a major safety risk. Furthermore, because Russian strikes have destroyed electrical substations, Ukraine now relies on its remaining nuclear plants for about 70 percent of its electricity. President Zelensky has described these actions as 'nuclear terrorism,' whereas Russian officials claim their plants remain safe. Meanwhile, opposition leaders in Belarus have expressed concern over the lack of clear information regarding radiation levels.

Conclusion

The 40th anniversary shows a shift from managing the historical 1986 disaster to dealing with the immediate risks of war. The current situation remains dangerous due to the damaged structure at Chernobyl and the unstable status of the Zaporizhzhia plant.

Vocabulary Learning

commemorations (n.)
celebrations or memorial events to honor a past event慶祝;紀念活動
Example:The city organized several commemorations to mark the anniversary.
liquidators (n.)
people who worked to clean up a disaster site, especially at Chernobyl清理人員
Example:Around 600,000 liquidators were tasked with removing radioactive debris.
risk (n.)
a possibility of danger or loss風險
Example:The safety risks of the plant were heightened during the war.
terrorism (n.)
the use of violence or threats to create fear for political aims恐怖主義
Example:He described the attacks as nuclear terrorism.
unstable (adj.)
likely to change or collapse; not steady不穩定
Example:The unstable situation in the region has raised many concerns.

Sentence Learning

These commemorations took place during a long military conflict with Russia, which has created new safety risks for the closed Chernobyl site and other active nuclear power plants.
Relative Clause: This clause adds essential information about the conflict, specifying which conflict it is.關係子句: 此子句為「與俄羅斯的長期軍事衝突」提供必要的補充資訊,說明該衝突所造成的安全風險。
Records show that about 50,000 people were permanently moved from the city of Pripyat.
Passive Voice: The sentence uses passive construction to focus on the action (moving) rather than who performed it.被動語態: 句子採用被動語態,重點在於「被移動」的動作,而非執行者。
Experts still disagree on the total number of deaths; a 2005 UN report estimated 4,000 deaths, while a 2022 Ukrainian study suggested 41,000, and Greenpeace claimed the number could be near 100,000.
Contrastive Linking Word: The word "while" introduces a contrast between the two reports.對比連接詞: 「while」引入兩份報告之間的對比,表明它們的數字不同。
Furthermore, because Russian strikes have destroyed electrical substations, Ukraine now relies on its remaining nuclear plants for about 70 percent of its electricity.
Causal Conjunction: The word "because" explains the reason for Ukraine's reliance on nuclear plants.因果連接詞: 「because」說明俄羅斯攻擊導致電力設施被摧毀,因而烏克蘭必須依賴核電廠。
C2

Commemoration of the 40th Anniversary of the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Amidst Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine

Introduction

Ukraine observed the 40th anniversary of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster on April 26, 2026. The commemorations occurred within the context of a protracted military conflict with Russia, which has introduced new safety risks to the decommissioned site and other operational nuclear facilities.

Main Body

The 1986 event resulted from a failed safety test at Reactor 4, leading to an explosion and the release of radioactive materials across Ukraine, Belarus, and Europe. Historical data indicates that approximately 50,000 residents of Pripyat were permanently evacuated. The human cost remains a subject of academic and institutional debate; estimates range from 4,000 fatalities according to a 2005 UN report to 41,000 according to a 2022 assessment by the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, while Greenpeace has suggested figures approaching 100,000. Approximately 600,000 'liquidators' participated in the containment and cleanup efforts, many of whom suffered long-term health complications. In the current geopolitical climate, the Chernobyl site has faced renewed instability. Following a brief Russian occupation in 2022, the facility has been subject to aerial incursions. Ukrainian authorities report that a Russian drone strike in February 2025 damaged the New Safe Confinement (NSC), a $2.1 billion structure completed in 2019. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has stated that this damage compromised a primary safety function of the shell. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development estimates that comprehensive repairs will require at least 500 million euros. Russia has denied targeting the facility, asserting that the incident was staged by Ukraine. Beyond the Chernobyl site, the conflict has impacted other nuclear infrastructure. The Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, Europe's largest, has been under Russian control since March 2022. This facility has experienced 14 temporary disconnections from external power since February 2022, which analysts from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) identify as a significant safety risk. Furthermore, Russian strikes on electrical substations have increased Ukraine's reliance on its remaining operational nuclear plants, which now provide approximately 70 percent of the nation's electricity. Stakeholder perspectives on these developments vary. President Volodymyr Zelensky has characterized Russian actions as 'nuclear terrorism,' arguing that the security of these sites is a global necessity. Conversely, Rosatom head Alexey Likhachev has stated that current Russian nuclear plants are safe due to revised safety concepts. In Belarus, opposition figures have expressed concern over a lack of government transparency regarding current radiation levels and the absence of adequate public health protocols in contaminated regions.

Conclusion

The 40th anniversary highlights a transition from the historical management of the 1986 disaster to the active mitigation of wartime risks. The current situation is characterized by damaged containment infrastructure at Chernobyl and the precarious operational status of the Zaporizhzhia plant.

Vocabulary Learning

decommissioned (adj.)
no longer in operation or service已停用
Example:The decommissioned plant has been repurposed for research.
incursions (n.)
unauthorised entries or attacks侵入
Example:The facility has been subject to aerial incursions.
mitigation (n.)
the act of reducing severity or seriousness減輕
Example:The mitigation of wartime risks requires urgent action.
precarious (adj.)
dangerously unstable or insecure不穩定
Example:The precarious operational status of the plant worries experts.
protracted (adj.)
drawn‑out, long‑lasting持續時間長的
Example:The protracted conflict left many regions devastated.

Sentence Learning

The human cost remains a subject of academic and institutional debate; estimates range from 4,000 fatalities according to a 2005 UN report to 41,000 according to a 2022 assessment by the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, while Greenpeace has suggested figures approaching 100,000.
Complex Sentence with Semicolon and Contrast: The sentence uses a semicolon to link two independent clauses, then introduces a contrasting clause with "while" to compare estimates, demonstrating high lexical density and coordination.複合句:分號與對比: 句子使用分號連結兩個獨立子句,接著以「while」引入對比子句,顯示高語彙密度與並列結構。
This facility has experienced 14 temporary disconnections from external power since February 2022, which analysts from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) identify as a significant safety risk.
Reduced Relative Clause: The clause "which analysts from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) identify as a significant safety risk" is a reduced relative clause that modifies "disconnections" without a relative pronoun, showing advanced relative clause usage.簡化關係子句: 子句「which analysts from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) identify as a significant safety risk」是簡化的關係子句,修飾「disconnections」,未使用關係代詞,展示進階的關係子句用法。
The 1986 event resulted from a failed safety test at Reactor 4, leading to an explosion and the release of radioactive materials across Ukraine, Belarus, and Europe.
Participial Clause: The participial phrase "leading to an explosion and the release of radioactive materials" functions as an adverbial modifier, providing additional information about the cause of the event.分詞片語: 分詞片語「leading to an explosion and the release of radioactive materials」作為副詞性修飾,提供關於事件原因的額外資訊。
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has stated that this damage compromised a primary safety function of the shell.
Content Clause: The clause "that this damage compromised a primary safety function of the shell" is a content clause introduced by "that", functioning as the object of "has stated".內容子句: 子句「that this damage compromised a primary safety function of the shell」是由「that」引導的內容子句,作為「has stated」的賓語。
The Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, Europe's largest, has been under Russian control since March 2022.
Appositive Phrase: The appositive "Europe's largest" renames the subject "Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant" providing additional identifying information.同位語片語: 同位語「Europe's largest」對主語「Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant」進行補充說明,提供額外辨識資訊。