Austria Expels Russian Diplomats Over Suspected Spying Activities in Vienna

The Secret to 'B2 Logic': Cause and Effect

At an A2 level, you likely use 'because' for everything. To move toward B2, you need to connect ideas using consecutive transitions. These words tell the reader why something happened without sounding like a child.

Look at this shift from the text:

• A2 Style: The equipment was big. Because of this, the intelligence service was worried.
• B2 Style: "The technical nature of the equipment caused serious concerns... Consequently, the individuals were declared persona non grata."

⚡ Power-Up Your Vocabulary

Instead of saying "So..." or "Because...", try these from the article:

1. Consequently $\rightarrow$ Used when one event leads directly to another result.
2. Due to $\rightarrow$ A sophisticated way to say "because of" (e.g., due to suspected spying).
3. In response $\rightarrow$ Perfect for describing a reaction to an action.

🔍 The "Formal Weight" Concept

Notice how the text doesn't say "Russia didn't answer." It says "Moscow did not respond by the deadline."

The B2 Rule: Use specific nouns (Moscow) instead of general ones (Russia) and formal verbs (respond) instead of simple ones (answer). This creates a 'professional tone' required for B2 certifications.

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Quick Summary for your notes:

• Replace 'Because' $\rightarrow$ 'Due to'
• Replace 'So' $\rightarrow$ 'Consequently'
• Replace 'Then' $\rightarrow$ 'In response'