Increase in Death Penalty in Iran During Civil Unrest and Regional Conflict

Introduction

The Iranian judiciary has recently executed several people, including those convicted of political crimes and murder, following a period of domestic instability and international tension.

Main Body

The Iranian government recently confirmed the execution of three men—Mehdi Rasouli, Mohammad Reza Miri, and Ebrahim Dolatabadi—related to protests in Mashhad in January. The state claimed that Rasouli and Miri were agents for the Mossad who caused casualties among security forces, while Dolatabadi was described as a leader of the unrest. However, human rights organizations, such as Hengaw and HRANA, emphasized that these trials were not transparent and relied on confessions obtained through torture. They specifically argued that Dolatabadi was executed without enough evidence. At the same time, the state continued to use 'qisas' (retributive justice) for criminal cases. In Isfahan, four men were executed for murder. Furthermore, Sassan Azadvar Junaqani, a provincial karate champion, was executed on April 30. He was convicted of 'moharebeh' (enmity against God) and accused of working with the U.S. and Israel. Despite this, rights groups reported that he had limited access to legal help and was forced to confess. These executions are happening during a time of great instability. Protests began in December due to high inflation and the rising cost of living, leading to thousands of casualties by January. The Iranian government asserts that this unrest was organized by the U.S. and Israel. Consequently, the number of executions has increased since regional conflicts began on February 28. Data shows that Iran remains one of the countries with the highest number of executions in the world, with over 1,600 recorded last year.

Conclusion

The Iranian state continues to use the death penalty as a main tool to maintain internal security while facing regional conflicts and economic problems.

Learning

🧩 The 'Logic Bridge': Moving from Simple Sentences to Complex Connections

At the A2 level, you likely say: "The cost of living is high. People protested." To reach B2, you must stop using short, choppy sentences and start using Connectors of Cause and Effect. This allows you to explain why things happen in a sophisticated way.

⚡ The Power Shift

Look at these phrases from the text. They are the 'glue' that turns a basic story into a professional report:

  1. "Due to..." \rightarrow (A2: Because of)

    • Example: "Protests began... due to high inflation."
    • B2 Tip: Use this to introduce a reason quickly at the start or middle of a sentence.
  2. "Consequently..." \rightarrow (A2: So)

    • Example: "Consequently, the number of executions has increased."
    • B2 Tip: Use this at the start of a new sentence to show a direct result of the previous point. It sounds much more formal than "so."
  3. "Despite this..." \rightarrow (A2: But)

    • Example: "Despite this, rights groups reported that he had limited access..."
    • B2 Tip: Use this when the second fact surprises us or contradicts the first fact. It creates a 'contrast' that makes your English sound nuanced.

🛠️ Upgrade Your Vocabulary (The 'B2 Precision' List)

Instead of using generic words like 'said' or 'bad', the article uses High-Precision Verbs. Try to adopt these:

A2 WordB2 UpgradeContext from Text
SaidAssertsThe government asserts that this unrest was organized...
ShowedEmphasizedOrganizations emphasized that trials were not transparent...
ResultCasualties...caused casualties among security forces.

💡 Pro Strategy: The 'Passive' Perspective

Notice how the text says: "confessions obtained through torture" instead of "they tortured people to get confessions."

Why? B2 speakers use the passive voice (or passive adjectives) to focus on the victim or the action, rather than the person doing it. This is essential for writing news, reports, or academic essays.

Vocabulary Learning

executed (v.)
performed a capital punishment; carried out a death sentence
Example:The court executed the sentence after the trial.
judiciary (n.)
the system of courts and judges that administer justice
Example:The judiciary must remain independent to protect rights.
convicted (adj.)
found guilty of a crime by a court
Example:He was convicted of murder.
instability (n.)
lack of steadiness or predictability, especially in politics or society
Example:The region faced political instability after the coup.
torture (v.)
inflict severe pain or suffering to force a confession or information
Example:The detainee was tortured to extract a confession.
retributive (adj.)
relating to punishment that is considered a deserved response to wrongdoing
Example:The law encourages a retributive justice system.
champion (n.)
a person who wins a competition or is a leading supporter of a cause
Example:She became the national champion in karate.
limited (adj.)
having a small amount, scope, or number; not extensive
Example:He had limited access to legal counsel.
inflation (n.)
the general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money
Example:Inflation has driven up the cost of living.
unrest (n.)
public disorder or agitation, often involving protests or riots
Example:Unrest erupted across the city after the announcement.
organized (adj.)
arranged or coordinated in a systematic way
Example:The protests were organized by opposition groups.
internal (adj.)
within a country or organization; belonging to the inside
Example:Internal security forces were deployed.