Dieter Reiter Leaves His Job as Mayor of Munich

A2

Dieter Reiter Leaves His Job as Mayor of Munich

Introduction

Dieter Reiter was the Mayor of Munich for twelve years. He leaves his job on April 30. He lost the election on March 22.

Main Body

Dominik Krause won the election. He is from the Green Party. Dieter Reiter had some problems with his other jobs. People did not support him as much. Reiter helped the city during hard times. He helped during the COVID-19 pandemic. He also helped refugees. He said no to hate and racism. Reiter spent a lot of money on new schools and buildings. The city spent ten billion euros. Now the city has a lot of debt. There are not enough new apartments for people. Reiter liked buses and trains. He did not like expensive bike paths. He worked well with the state leader, Markus Söder. But later, he argued with the city workers.

Conclusion

Munich is a friendly and open city. But the new leader has a big problem. The city owes a lot of money and needs more homes.

Vocabulary Learning

debt (n.)
owing money / money that a person or city owes to others債務
Example:He worked hard to pay off his credit card debt.
election (n.)
voting / a time when people vote to choose a leader選舉
Example:The city will hold an election to choose a new mayor next month.
expensive (adj.)
costly / something that costs a lot of money昂貴的
Example:Buying a large house in the city center is very expensive.
refugees (n.)
displaced people / people who must leave their country to find safety難民
Example:The government provides food and shelter for the refugees.
support (v.)
help / to agree with or help someone支持
Example:Many people support the new plan to build more schools.

Sentence Learning

He leaves his job on April 30.
Time Marker: The preposition 'on' is used before a specific date to show when something happens.時間標記: 介詞 'on' 用於特定的日期之前,以表示事情發生的時間。
He said no to hate and racism.
Connector: The word 'and' connects two similar things to show they are both included.連接詞: 'and' 一詞連接兩個相似的事物,表示兩者都包括在內。
He is from the Green Party.
Prepositional Phrase: The preposition 'from' shows someone's origin or background.介詞短語: 介詞 'from' 顯示一個人的來源或背景。
But the new leader has a big problem.
Connector: The word 'but' is used to show a contrast with the previous information.連接詞: 'but' 一詞用於顯示與前文成對比的情況。
Reiter helped the city during hard times.
Prepositional Phrase: The word 'during' shows when something happened within a specific period.介詞短語: 'during' 一詞顯示事情在一段特定時期內發生。
B2

Dieter Reiter Ends Twelve-Year Term as Lord Mayor of Munich

Introduction

Dieter Reiter's twelve-year term as the Lord Mayor of Munich will officially end on April 30. This follows his defeat in the runoff election held on March 22.

Main Body

The leadership change occurred after Dominik Krause of the Green Party defeated Reiter, who received 43.6 percent of the vote. This result followed a decline in public support, which was linked to controversies over Reiter's unauthorized second job at FC Bayern Munich. Reiter, a former administrative expert, first took office on May 1, 2014, after winning the election with 56.7 percent of the vote. During his time in office, Reiter acted as a crisis manager for several major events. He managed the 2015 refugee crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and various security threats. His administration emphasized a welcoming culture and consistently spoke out against antisemitism and right-wing extremism. In terms of urban development, the city invested over ten billion euros in new buildings and schools. However, this led to a total debt of more than seven billion euros. Furthermore, the administration struggled with housing production, as the number of new apartments decreased. Regarding transportation, Reiter's record was mixed. While he supported the expansion of public transit, he criticized the high cost of some bicycle infrastructure. He also made controversial decisions, such as allowing sidewalk parking in narrow streets. Politically, Reiter maintained a professional relationship with Minister President Markus Söder to collaborate on energy security. Although he was seen as empathetic and supported social measures like rent freezes, he faced increasing tension with the city council and staff in his final years, often criticizing them for being inefficient.

Conclusion

Dieter Reiter leaves behind a cosmopolitan city with high social standards. However, the new administration must now deal with significant city debt and a serious shortage of housing.

Vocabulary Learning

collaborate (v.)
work together / to work with someone else for a special purpose合作;協作
Example:Scientists from different countries are collaborating to find a cure for the disease.
controversy (n.)
public disagreement / a lot of disagreement or argument about something公眾爭議;爭論
Example:The government's new tax policy has caused a lot of controversy among the public.
cosmopolitan (adj.)
multicultural / containing or exemplified by people from many different countries國際化的;世界性的
Example:Hong Kong is a truly cosmopolitan city where you can meet people from all over the world.
infrastructure (n.)
basic systems / the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization基礎建設;基建
Example:The city needs to invest more in its aging transportation infrastructure to improve efficiency.
unauthorized (adj.)
unapproved / without official permission未經授權的;未經許可的
Example:The security guard noticed an unauthorized vehicle in the private parking lot.

Sentence Learning

The leadership change occurred after Dominik Krause of the Green Party defeated Reiter, who received 43.6 percent of the vote.
Relative Clause: This non-defining relative clause adds extra background information about Reiter without changing the main meaning of the sentence.關係子句:此非限定關係子句在不改變句子核心意義的情況下,為 Reiter 提供了額外的背景資訊。
This result followed a decline in public support, which was linked to controversies over Reiter's unauthorized second job at FC Bayern Munich.
Passive Voice: The passive construction 'was linked to' is used to report a connection between two events in a formal and objective tone.被動語態:被動結構「was linked to」用於以正式且客觀的語氣報導兩個事件之間的關聯。
While he supported the expansion of public transit, he criticized the high cost of some bicycle infrastructure.
Contrast Clause: The conjunction 'While' is used at the beginning of the sentence to introduce a point that contrasts with the main clause.對比從句:連詞「While」用於句首,引出與主句意思形成對比的觀點。
Although he was seen as empathetic and supported social measures like rent freezes, he faced increasing tension with the city council and staff in his final years.
Concession Clause: 'Although' introduces a concession, showing that the political tension existed despite his positive public image and social policies.讓步從句:「Although」引導一個讓步從句,表示儘管他擁有正面的公眾形象並支持社會政策,但政治緊張局勢依然存在。
Furthermore, the administration struggled with housing production, as the number of new apartments decreased.
Linking Word - Addition: 'Furthermore' is a formal transition word used to add a new, related problem to the previous discussion about urban development.連接詞 - 遞進:「Furthermore」是一個正式的過渡詞,用於在先前關於城市發展的討論中增加一個新的相關問題。
C2

Conclusion of Dieter Reiter's Twelve-Year Tenure as Lord Mayor of Munich

Introduction

Dieter Reiter's twelve-year term as the Lord Mayor of Munich officially concludes on April 30, following his electoral defeat in the runoff election held on March 22.

Main Body

The transition of leadership follows a runoff election in which Dominik Krause of the Green Party defeated the incumbent, who secured 43.6 percent of the vote. This outcome follows a period of diminished public support linked to controversies regarding unauthorized secondary employment at FC Bayern Munich. Reiter, a former administrative professional and head of the economic department, first assumed office on May 1, 2014, after winning a runoff with 56.7 percent of the vote. Throughout his tenure, Reiter functioned as a crisis manager during several significant events. These include the 2015 refugee crisis—during which he ordered the closure of the Bayernkaserne facility due to substandard conditions—the COVID-19 pandemic, and various security threats, including the attack at the Olympia-Einkaufszentrum. His administration was characterized by a commitment to a welcoming culture and a consistent public stance against antisemitism and right-wing extremism, exemplified by his regular participation in the Christopher Street Day parade. In terms of urban development and infrastructure, the administration oversaw an investment of over ten billion euros in new constructions, including a comprehensive school and daycare renovation program and the opening of the Wilhelm-Hausenstein-Gymnasium. However, this expansion resulted in an accumulated debt exceeding seven billion euros. Furthermore, the administration faced challenges regarding housing production, with a decline in new apartment numbers and difficulties in implementing the Urban Development Measure (SEM) in the north and northeast of the city. Regarding transportation and urban mobility, the administration's record is mixed. While Reiter supported the expansion of public transit, including the U5 extension and the West Tangent tram, he expressed opposition to high-cost bicycle infrastructure. His policy decisions included the legalization of sidewalk parking in narrow streets and the temporary removal of speed limits on the Landshuter Allee. Additionally, his term saw the relocation of the IAA motor show from Frankfurt to Munich. Interpersonal and political relations were characterized by a professional rapport with state leadership, specifically Minister President Markus Söder, with whom he collaborated on energy security and Olympic promotion. While described by some as approachable and empathetic, particularly in his support for social measures such as the Munich Pass and rent freezes on city-owned housing, his later years in office were marked by increased friction with the city council and administrative staff, whom he frequently criticized for inefficiency.

Conclusion

Dieter Reiter leaves behind a city characterized by high social standards and a cosmopolitan society, though the incoming administration inherits significant municipal debt and a pressing need to address the housing shortage.

Vocabulary Learning

cosmopolitan (adj.)
including people from many different countries and cultures國際化的
Example:Dieter Reiter leaves behind a city characterized by high social standards and a cosmopolitan society.
incumbent (n.)
the current holder of an office現任者
Example:Dominik Krause of the Green Party defeated the incumbent.
runoff (n.)
a second election held to decide a winner when no candidate achieves a majority決選
Example:following his electoral defeat in the runoff election held on March 22.
substandard (adj.)
below the usual or required standard低於標準的
Example:he ordered the closure of the Bayernkaserne facility due to substandard conditions.
tenure (n.)
the period during which someone holds a position任期
Example:Dieter Reiter's twelve-year tenure as Lord Mayor of Munich officially concludes on April 30.

Sentence Learning

The transition of leadership follows a runoff election in which Dominik Krause of the Green Party defeated the incumbent, who secured 43.6 percent of the vote.
Stacked Relative Clauses: The sentence employs two consecutive relative clauses ("in which..." and "who...") to provide layered information about the election and the candidate within a single complex structure.疊加關係子句: 句子使用了兩個連續的關係子句("in which..." 和 "who..."),在單一複雜結構中為選舉和候選人提供層次分明的資訊。
These include the 2015 refugee crisis—during which he ordered the closure of the Bayernkaserne facility due to substandard conditions—the COVID-19 pandemic, and various security threats, including the attack at the Olympia-Einkaufszentrum.
Prepositional Relative Clause: The use of "during which" embedded within dashes creates a sophisticated parenthetical interruption that provides specific historical context without breaking the list's flow.介詞關係子句: 在破折號中嵌入 "during which",創造了一種高級的插入語中斷,在不破壞列表流動性的情況下提供了特定的歷史背景。
His administration was characterized by a commitment to a welcoming culture and a consistent public stance against antisemitism and right-wing extremism, exemplified by his regular participation in the Christopher Street Day parade.
Non-finite -ed Clause: The past participle "exemplified" introduces a reduced relative clause that functions as an illustrative supplement to the preceding main clause, enhancing lexical density.非限定 -ed 子句: 過去分詞 "exemplified" 引導一個縮減關係子句,作為前述主句的說明性補充,增強了詞彙密度。
While described by some as approachable and empathetic, particularly in his support for social measures such as the Munich Pass and rent freezes on city-owned housing, his later years in office were marked by increased friction with the city council and administrative staff, whom he frequently criticized for inefficiency.
Ellipsis in Concessive Clauses: The phrase "While described" omits the subject and auxiliary verb ("While he was described"), a hallmark of formal C2 writing that achieves conciseness and stylistic elegance.讓步子句中的省略: 短語 "While described" 省略了主語和助動詞("While he was described"),這是 C2 正式寫作的標誌,旨在達到簡潔與文體優雅。
Dieter Reiter leaves behind a city characterized by high social standards and a cosmopolitan society, though the incoming administration inherits significant municipal debt and a pressing need to address the housing shortage.
Lexical Density and Parallelism: The sentence packs high information density through sophisticated noun phrases and parallel structures to contrast the mayor's legacy with future challenges.詞彙密度與平行結構: 句子透過高級名詞短語和平行結構,將市長的遺產與未來的挑戰進行對比,展現了極高的資訊密度。