More Judges for the Supreme Court
More Judges for the Supreme Court
Introduction
The government says the Supreme Court will have more judges. This helps the court finish more legal cases.
Main Body
The court had 33 judges. Now it will have 37 judges. There are too many cases. There are more than 92,000 cases waiting for a decision. The court also talks about laws. The judges say they cannot tell Parliament to make new laws. Parliament decides the laws. Also, the city of Mumbai wants a new court building. The building costs a lot of money. But the work stopped because people do not like the design.
Conclusion
The court is growing. It is also fixing its buildings and its rules.
Learning
📈 THE POWER OF 'MORE'
In the text, we see a pattern: More + Noun.
- More judges An increase in people.
- More cases An increase in work.
How to use it: Use "More" when you want to say "extra" or "a larger number."
Quick Comparison:
- The court had 33 judges. (Past/Fixed)
- The court will have 37 judges. (Future/More)
⚖️ WHO DOES WHAT? (Simple Verbs)
Look at these action words from the story:
- Finish to complete a task (Finish cases).
- Decide to make a choice (Parliament decides laws).
- Cost the price of something (The building costs money).
Tip: For A2, focus on these "action" verbs. They tell you exactly what is happening in the sentence.
Vocabulary Learning
Increasing the Number of Supreme Court Judges and Other Legal Updates
Introduction
The Union Cabinet has agreed to increase the number of official Supreme Court judges to help reduce the large number of pending legal cases.
Main Body
The government decided to increase the number of judges from 33 to 37 (not including the Chief Justice of India) after a formal request from CJI Surya Kant in February. This change aims to make it easier for Constitution benches to meet regularly and solve important legal issues. To achieve this, the government will introduce the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026, to update the 1956 Act. This step is necessary because there are currently over 92,000 pending cases. Historically, the court has increased its size several times since 1950 to keep up with the growing workload. Consequently, the current CJI will appoint about ten new judges before he retires in February 2027. At the same time, the judiciary is discussing the limits of its power over the government's law-making process. In a case regarding the appointment of Election Commissioners, a Supreme Court bench questioned whether it is appropriate for the court to tell Parliament to create specific laws. The bench emphasized that making laws is the responsibility of Parliament, referring to the 2023 Act. Furthermore, there are still problems with judicial infrastructure. For example, the construction of the ₹4,217 crore Bombay High Court complex in Bandra East has stopped. Although the project started in November 2025, it is still in the planning stage due to disagreements over the design and criticisms that the style looks too colonial.
Conclusion
The Indian judiciary is currently expanding its capacity while reviewing its relationship with the legislature and improving its infrastructure.
Learning
🚀 The 'Logical Bridge' Technique
An A2 student says: "There are many cases. The government adds judges."
A B2 speaker connects these ideas to show cause and effect. To move to B2, you must stop using only "and" or "because" and start using Transition Markers.
🧩 The Magic Words from the Text
Look at how the article links complex ideas:
- "To achieve this..." Used to explain the goal of an action.
- "Consequently..." A professional way to say "so" or "as a result."
- "Furthermore..." A stronger way to say "also" when adding a new problem or point.
🛠️ Applying the B2 Logic
| A2 Style (Simple) | B2 Style (Advanced Connection) |
|---|---|
| The court is too small, so they add judges. | The court is too small; consequently, the government is increasing the number of judges. |
| They want to solve cases. They will pass a bill. | To achieve this, the government will introduce an Amendment Bill. |
| The building is slow. There are design problems. | The project is stalled; furthermore, there are disagreements over the colonial style. |
💡 Coach's Tip: The 'Flow' Secret
Don't just add these words to the start of a sentence. Use them to build a chain of logic.
Step 1 (The Problem) Step 2 (The Goal: "To achieve this...") Step 3 (The Result: "Consequently...")
By mastering these three markers, you stop speaking in "broken pieces" and start speaking in "connected flows," which is the hallmark of the B2 level.
Vocabulary Learning
Expansion of the Supreme Court's Judicial Strength and Concurrent Legal Developments
Introduction
The Union Cabinet has approved an increase in the sanctioned number of Supreme Court judges to mitigate a substantial backlog of pending litigation.
Main Body
The executive decision to augment the judicial strength from 33 to 37 judges (excluding the Chief Justice of India) follows a formal request submitted by CJI Surya Kant in February. This expansion is intended to facilitate the regular convening of Constitution benches to resolve substantial legal questions. The legislative mechanism for this transition will be the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026, which seeks to modify the 1956 Act. This measure is necessitated by a record pendency of over 92,000 cases. Historically, the court's composition has undergone periodic revisions—from eight judges in 1950 to the most recent increase in 2019—to align capacity with caseload growth. Consequently, the current CJI will oversee the appointment of approximately ten vacancies before his retirement in February 2027. Parallel to these administrative adjustments, the judiciary is examining the limits of its authority regarding legislative mandates. In proceedings concerning the appointment of the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners, a Supreme Court bench questioned the maintainability of petitions requesting the court to direct Parliament to enact specific legislation. The bench asserted that legislative prerogative remains with Parliament, referencing the 2023 Act which replaced the CJI with a Union Cabinet Minister in the selection panel. Furthermore, infrastructure challenges persist within the judiciary, as evidenced by the stalled construction of the ₹4,217 crore Bombay High Court complex in Bandra East. Despite the foundation stone being laid in November 2025, the project remains in the planning phase due to design disputes and criticisms regarding the architectural style's perceived colonial influence.
Conclusion
The Indian judiciary is currently undergoing a phase of capacity expansion and institutional scrutiny regarding its relationship with legislative functions and infrastructure development.
Learning
The Architecture of Formalism: Nominalization & Lexical Density
To transition from B2 (effective communication) to C2 (mastery of nuance), a student must move beyond action-oriented prose toward concept-oriented prose. The provided text is a masterclass in Nominalization—the process of turning verbs (actions) into nouns (entities). This is the hallmark of high-level legal and academic English.
⚡ The Shift: From Process to State
Observe how the text avoids simple subject-verb-object constructions in favor of complex noun phrases. This creates an objective, authoritative distance.
- B2 Approach: "The government decided to increase the number of judges because there are too many cases." (Focus on the actor and the action).
- C2 Execution: "The executive decision to augment the judicial strength... follows a formal request..." (Focus on the decision and the request as independent objects of analysis).
🔍 Deep Dive: The 'Substantive' Noun Chain
C2 mastery involves the ability to stack modifiers to create precise, dense meaning. Analyze this sequence:
"...the maintainability of petitions requesting the court to direct Parliament to enact specific legislation."
Deconstruction:
- Maintainability (The core concept: Can this legal action even proceed?)
- Petitions (The vehicle of the request)
- Direct Parliament (The intended action)
- Enact specific legislation (The ultimate objective)
By centering the sentence on "maintainability," the author shifts the focus from the people filing the petitions to the legal viability of the act itself. This is "conceptual density."
🛠 Linguistic Precision: The 'High-Value' Lexis
Note the strategic use of verbs that denote specific institutional movements:
- Augment Not just 'increase,' but to make something larger/better by adding to it.
- Mitigate Not 'stop,' but to make a problem less severe.
- Prerogative A right or privilege exclusive to a particular individual or class.
The C2 Takeaway: To write at this level, stop asking "Who did what?" and start asking "What phenomenon is occurring?" Convert your verbs into nouns and your adjectives into precise technical terminology.