The Use of Marine Mammals in Naval Defense and Global Politics

Introduction

Recent questions at the Pentagon about whether Iran uses dolphins to carry explosives have brought attention to how marine mammals have been used in military operations over the years.

Main Body

The discussion about 'kamikaze dolphins' started after a Wall Street Journal report suggested that Iranian officials might use animals to carry mines against U.S. ships. Although Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth denied that Iran has these capabilities, he refused to say whether the U.S. has similar programs, which shows that these operations are secret. Historically, the U.S. Navy has used bottlenose dolphins and sea lions since 1959 to find mines and recover objects because these animals have excellent natural sonar and diving skills. Furthermore, other countries such as Russia and North Korea have had similar programs, and Russian animals have reportedly been used in Syria and Ukraine. However, these programs are controversial. The Navy emphasizes that it follows the Marine Mammal Protection Act and provides the animals with high-quality healthcare. On the other hand, animal rights organizations argue that using intelligent creatures for military purposes is unethical and have pointed to deaths during training. The Navy claims that the idea of dolphins as weapons was made worse by movies and the fact that the program was secret for a long time. Consequently, the Navy expects that autonomous underwater drones will eventually replace these animals.

Conclusion

The U.S. continues to use marine mammals for underwater detection, while political tensions lead to ongoing rumors about the military capabilities of other countries.

Learning

⚑ The "Logic Glue": Moving from Simple to Complex

At the A2 level, you usually connect ideas with and, but, or because. To reach B2, you need Transition Words. These are like bridges that tell the reader exactly how two ideas relate to each other.

Look at how this article moves away from simple sentences to create a professional flow:

πŸ”„ Contrast & Conflict

Instead of just saying "But," the text uses:

  • However β†’\rightarrow Used to start a new paragraph when the mood changes (e.g., moving from military utility to ethical problems).
  • On the other hand β†’\rightarrow Used to balance two opposite perspectives (The Navy vs. Animal Rights groups).

πŸ“ˆ Adding Information

Instead of repeating "Also," the text uses:

  • Furthermore β†’\rightarrow This signal tells the reader: "I have already given you one fact, and now I am adding an even more important one."

🎯 Cause and Effect

Instead of always using "So," the text uses:

  • Consequently β†’\rightarrow This is a high-level way to show a direct result.
    • Example: The program was secret β†’\rightarrow Consequently, people imagine dolphins are weapons.

πŸš€ Pro-Tip for the B2 Jump: Next time you write, replace one "but" with however and one "so" with consequently. Your writing will instantly sound more academic and fluent.

Vocabulary Learning

controversial (adj.)
giving rise to public disagreement or debate
Example:The use of dolphins in warfare is controversial.
autonomous (adj.)
operating independently, not controlled by humans
Example:Autonomous underwater drones can replace dolphins.
marine (adj.)
relating to the sea or ocean
Example:Marine mammals are used by navies for underwater tasks.
detection (n.)
the act of discovering or identifying something
Example:Underwater detection helps locate hidden mines.
capabilities (n.)
abilities or powers to do something
Example:The Pentagon assessed the country's capabilities.
intelligent (adj.)
having or showing intelligence or cleverness
Example:Intelligent dolphins can follow complex commands.
high-quality (adj.)
of excellent standard or superior level
Example:The navy provides high-quality healthcare to animals.
programs (n.)
a planned series of actions or projects
Example:The navy has programs for dolphin training.
secret (adj.)
not known or disclosed to others
Example:The program was kept secret for years.
mines (n.)
explosive devices placed in water or ground
Example:Dolphins help locate underwater mines.